Introduction: The rising incidence of sexual risk behaviors among adolescents has prompted the international community to prioritize the reduction of AIDS in the 2030 Sustainable Development Goals. Consequently, this study, considering the importance of theory-based education, evaluated theory-based educational interventions aimed at preventing high-risk sexual behaviors in adolescents.
Materials and Methods: We searched all the English articles from 2000 to 2022 on the Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, ERIC, APA Psycnet, and Cochrane Library databases. Two independent researchers reviewed all the articles. Joanna Briggs Institute's checklist for quasi-experimental studies was used to evaluate the quality of included studies.
Results: Out of 7704 articles screened, 29 eligible articles were included in this study. The Health Belief Model, Social Cognitive Theory, Protective Motivation Theory, Planned Behavior Theory and Information Motivational Behavioral Skills Model were the main conceptual models. Educational interventions that utilized the Health Belief Model, Planned Behavior Theory, and Protective Motivation Theory, achieved the highest intervention score. The results showed that theory-based training could be effective in behaviors such as using condoms, avoiding sexual intercourse, delaying the initiation of sexual intercourse, and having multiple sexual partners.
Conclusion: The results show that theory-based education can be effective in reducing high-risk sexual behaviors. The results can assist researchers in evaluating various aspects of past interventions and in designing an effective educational program. Additionally, in response to social changes, new educational methods could be selected. |
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