fa بررسی هزینه‌های اقتصادی، بهداشتی، روانی و اجتماعی تحمیل شده بر خانواده و جامعه ناشی از مرگ مادر: یک مقاله مروری علوم بهداشت / بهداشت عمومی Health Sciences / Public Health پژوهشي Research <strong><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">مقدمه:</span></span></span></strong> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">میزان</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">مرگ‌ومیر</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">مادران</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">به</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">علت</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">عوارض</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">بارداری</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">و</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">زایمان</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">از</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">مهم‌ترین</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">شاخص‌هایی است</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">که</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">نشان‌دهنده</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">وضعیت</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">توسعه</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">کشورها</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">می‌باشد. در</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">این</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">مقاله</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">سعی</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">شده</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">است</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">تا با</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">تعیین هزینه‌های ناشی از مرگ مادر و تأثیر این هزینه‌ها بر سلامت خانواده و جامعه،</span></span><span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;"> راهکارهایی</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">جهت</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">پیشگیری</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">از</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">بروز</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">مرگ‌های</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">مشابه</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">و</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">بهبود</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">آن اتخاذ شود.</span></span><br> <strong><span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">روش کار:</span></span></strong><span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;"> مقاله حاصل یک مطالعه مروری است که با جستجو در پایگاه‌های ایرانی و بین‌المللی </span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;">Elsevier</span></span><span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">، </span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;">Springer</span></span><span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">،</span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;">PubMed IranMedex</span></span><span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">، </span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;">google scholar</span></span><span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">،</span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;">SID </span></span><span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">&nbsp;و سایت </span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;">WHO</span></span><span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;"> و </span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;">UNFPA</span></span><span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;"> <span style="color:black;">بین سال‌های 2016-1973</span></span> نگاشته شده است. حدود 78 عنوان در جستجوی اولیه به دست آمد که بعد از مطالعه خلاصه ملاقات، 20 مقاله که با هدف اصلی این مطالعه همخوانی داشت انتخاب گردید.</span><br> <strong><span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">یافته‌ها:</span></span></strong><span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;"> مهم‌ترین اثرات مرگ مادران برای کودکان، خانواده و جامعه شامل افزایش مرگ کودکان، افزایش کودکان کار و افزایش میزان سوء تغذیه و بیماری در کودکان، انحلال خانواده، رشد خانواده‌های تک والدی و افزایش بیماری‌های روانی در سایر اعضاء خانواده و جامعه می‌باشد.</span></span><br> <strong><span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">بحث:</span></span></strong><span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;"> نتایج نشان داد که زنان</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">و</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">بخصوص</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">مادران</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">نقشی</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">بسیار</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">کلیدی</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">در</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">خانواده</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">و</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">تربیت</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">فرزندان</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">داشته</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">و مرگ مادران</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">می‌تواند</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">وسیله‌ای</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">برای</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">کاهش</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">سرمایه</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">و</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">تولید</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">خانوار،</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">انحلال خانواده</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">و</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">مشکلات</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">اقتصادی،</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">اجتماعی و روانی</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">گردد.</span></span><br> <strong><span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">نتیجه‌گیری: </span></span></strong><span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">شناخت</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">عوامل</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">مؤثر</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">بر</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">این</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">شاخص مهم،</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">ما</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">را</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">در</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">اتخاذ اقدامات</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">مؤثر</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">برای ارتقای سلامت مادر و به دنبال آن کاهش هزینه‌های تحمیل شده بر خانواده و جامعه</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">ناشی از مرگ مادر،</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">یاری</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">می‌نماید</span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;">.</span></span><span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;"></span></span><br> &nbsp; <p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed; direction: ltr;"><strong>AbstractIntroduction:</strong> Maternal mortality rate, resulted from complications of pregnancy and childbirth, is one of the most important indicators that indicates the development status of countries. This paper has attempted to find ways to prevent similar deaths and improve the status by determining the costs of maternal death and the impact of these costs on the health of family and community.<span dir="RTL"></span><br> <strong>Methods: </strong>The study is a review article conducted by searching through Iranian and international databases such as Elsevier, Springer, PubMed, IranMedex, google scholar and SID as well as WHO and UNFPA sites from 1973 to 2016. Approximately, 78 titles were identified in the initial search. After studying the summary of the articles, 20 articles that were consistent with the main objective of this study were selected.<br> <strong>Results:</strong> The most important consequences of mother&rsquo;s death for children, families and society include increase in child mortality, child labor, malnutrition and disease in children as well as the dissolution of families, the growth of single-parent families and increase in mental illness in other members of the family and society.<br> <strong>Discussion:</strong> The results showed that women and especially mothers play a very important role in family and parenting and that the death of mothers can result in reducing capital and household production, dissolving families and creating economic, social and psychological problems.<br> <strong>Conclusion:</strong> Identifying the factors affecting this important indicator helps take effective measures to promote maternal health and, consequently, reduce the costs imposed on the family and society by mother&rsquo;s death.<br> &nbsp;</p> مرگ مادر, هزینه اقتصادی و اجتماعی, هزینه غیرمستقیم Maternal death, social and economic costs, indirect costs 249 258 http://journal.jmu.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-117-3&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 Nasrin Sarafraz نسرین سرافراز Sarafraz1385@gmail.com 10031947532846002197 10031947532846002197 Yes Department Of Nursing and Midwifery, Faculty Of Nursing and Midwifery, Islamic Azad University, Larestan Branch, Larestan, Iran. گروه پرستاری و مامایی، دانشکده پرستاری مامایی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی لارستان، لارستان، ایران Eghbal Sekhavati اقبال سخاوتی 10031947532846002198 10031947532846002198 No Department of Occupational Health, Faculty Of Health, Larestan School of Medical Sciences, Larestan, Iran گروه بهداشت حرفه‌ای، دانشکده بهداشت، دانشکده علوم پزشکی لارستان، لارستان، ایران Gholam Ali Haghighat غلامعلی حقیقت 10031947532846002199 10031947532846002199 No Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty Of Health, Jiroft University of Medical Sciences, Jiroft, Iran گروه مهندسی بهداشت محیط، دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی جیرفت، جیرفت، ایران Zahra Tirjo زهرا تیرجو 10031947532846002200 10031947532846002200 No Ilam University medicine, Ilam, Iran